Cultural
Information and Planting
Instructions for Herbs
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Name |
item# |
Botanical name |
ABP |
height |
uses |
part |
sow |
temp |
days |
notes |
cover |
sun |
| Anise |
4406 |
Pimpinella anisum |
A |
1-3' |
S B M |
S |
DS |
M |
7-28 |
|
L |
PF |
| Anise Hyssop |
4407 |
Agastache foeniculum |
P Z4 |
2-3' |
B M |
L F |
DW TP |
W |
7-14 |
Lt |
P |
FP |
| Arnica |
4409 |
A. chamissonis |
P Z4 |
20" |
M O |
F |
TP |
C |
|
St |
|
F |
| Ashwagandha |
4411 |
Withania somnifera |
TP/A |
2-3' |
M |
R |
TP |
M |
7-21 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Astragalus |
4412 |
A. membranaceus |
P Z4 |
18-48" |
M |
R |
DS TP |
M |
7-28 |
Sc Sk |
L |
F |
| Basil |
4414ff |
Ocimum basilicum |
TA |
8-24" |
S E M |
L |
TP DW |
W |
4-10 |
W |
R |
F |
| Basil, Sacred |
4464 |
Ocimum sanctum |
TA |
18-24" |
S M |
L |
TP DW |
W |
4-10 |
|
R |
F |
| Bergamot |
4481 |
Monarda fistulosa |
P Z3 |
3-4' |
B M O |
L |
DS DF |
M |
7-14 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Blessed Thistle |
4484 |
Cnicus benedictus |
A |
1-2' |
M |
F L |
TP DS |
M |
7-21 |
St |
L |
F |
| Borage |
4491 |
Borago officinalis |
SSA |
2-3' |
E M O |
F L |
DS DF |
C |
7-14 |
|
P |
FP |
| Calendula |
4911ff |
Calendula officinalis |
SSA |
18-24" |
M O |
F |
DS |
M |
4-14 |
|
R |
FP |
| Caraway |
4507 |
Carum carvi |
SSB |
2' |
S E |
S L |
DS |
C |
|
|
|
F |
| Catnip |
4509ff |
Nepeta cataria |
P Z3 |
1-2' |
M B |
L |
DS DF |
M |
7-10 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| Chamomile |
4511 |
Matricaria recutita |
SSA |
8-18" |
B M |
F |
DS |
M |
10-14 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| Chervil |
3044ff |
Anthriscus cerefolium |
SSB |
12-18" |
S |
L |
DS |
W |
7-14 |
Lt |
L |
P(F) |
| Chives |
4512 |
Allium schoenoprasum |
P Z3 |
1-2' |
S M E |
L F |
DS |
C |
7-14 |
|
L |
FP |
| Cilantro |
4515ff |
Coriandrum sativum |
A |
1-2' |
S E |
L S |
DS |
C |
7-14 |
|
R |
F(P) |
| Cumin |
4522 |
Cuminum cyminum |
A |
1-2' |
S M |
S |
TP |
M |
7-14 |
PP |
F |
|
| Dill |
4530ff |
Anethum graveolens |
SSA |
2-5' |
S M O |
S L |
DS |
W |
7-21 |
|
R |
F |
| Echinacea |
4545ff |
Echinacea spp. |
P Z3 |
1-3' |
M O |
R F |
TP DW |
W |
14-21 |
St Lt |
L |
F |
| Elecampane |
4550 |
Inula helenium |
P Z3 |
5-8' |
M O |
R |
TP |
M |
7-10 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Fennel |
4556ff |
Foeniculum vulgare |
TP/A |
1-3' |
S M E |
L S |
DS |
M |
7-14 |
|
R |
F |
| Feverfew |
4572 |
Tanacetum parthenium |
P Z4 |
18-30" |
M O |
L |
TP DS |
M |
7-14 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Garlic Chives |
4577 |
Allium tuberosum |
P Z4 |
12-18" |
S E |
L F |
DS |
C |
7-14 |
|
L |
FP |
| Horehound |
4580 |
Marrubium vulgare |
P Z3-4 |
20-24" |
M C |
L |
TP DS |
M |
10-21 |
|
P |
F |
| Hyssop |
4582 |
Hyssopus officinalis |
P Z3-4 |
12-18" |
M O |
L F |
TP DF |
C |
7-21 |
|
R |
FP |
| Joe Pye Weed |
5150 |
Eupatorium purpureum |
P Z3-4 |
5-9' |
M O |
R |
DS DF |
M |
14-21 |
St Lt |
N |
P |
| Lady’s Mantle |
4584 |
Alchemilla mollis |
P Z3 |
12-18" |
M O |
L |
TP |
M |
21-30 |
St Lt |
N |
FP |
| Lavender |
4585ff |
Lavandula angustifolia |
P Z5 |
2-3' |
M O |
F L |
TP DF |
W |
14-28 |
St Lt |
P |
F |
| Lemon Balm |
4588 |
Melissa officinalis |
P Z4 |
1-2' |
B M S |
L |
TP DS |
M |
7-14 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Lemon Mint |
4589 |
Monarda citriodora |
SSA |
2-3' |
B M |
L |
DS |
M |
7-21 |
|
R |
P(F) |
| Lemongrass |
4587 |
Cymbopogon flexuosus |
TP/A |
3-4' |
S B M |
L |
TP |
W |
21-42 |
|
L |
FP |
| Lovage |
4592 |
Levisticum officinale |
P Z4 |
3-6' |
S M |
L |
DS DF |
M |
10-21 |
|
R |
F(P) |
| Marjoram |
4616 |
Origanum majorana |
TP/A |
1-2' |
S |
L |
TP |
M |
7-21 |
W |
N |
F |
| Marshmallow |
4619 |
Althaea officinalis |
P Z4 |
4-6' |
M O |
R L |
DS DF |
C |
14-21 |
St |
L |
FP |
| Milk Thistle |
4630 |
Silybum marianum |
SSA |
3-5' |
M E |
S F L |
DS DF |
M |
7-14 |
Lt |
L |
F |
| Mint |
4632 |
Mentha spicata |
P Z4 |
12-18" |
S B M |
L |
TP DS |
M |
7-14 |
Lt |
N |
FP |
| Motherwort |
4639 |
Leonurus cardiaca |
P Z3 |
2-4' |
M |
L F |
DS DF |
M |
7-21 |
Lt |
L |
F |
| Mustard |
4642 |
Sinapsis alba |
A |
|
S E |
S |
DS |
C |
|
|
L |
F |
| Nettle, Stinging |
4644 |
Urtica dioica |
P Z2 |
3-6' |
E M |
L |
DS |
M |
10-14 |
Lt |
R |
FP |
| Oregano |
4648 |
Origanum heracleoticum |
P Z4 |
6-12" |
S M |
L |
TP |
M |
7-21 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| Parsley |
3158ff |
Petroselinum crispum |
B Z3 |
8-12" |
S E |
L |
DS DF |
M |
14-60 |
Sk |
R |
FP |
| Pennyroyal |
4651 |
Mentha pulegium |
P Z5-6 |
8-12" |
M O |
L |
TP |
C |
10-14 |
|
N |
FP |
| Pleurisy Root |
4906 |
Asclepias tuberosa |
P Z3 |
18-30" |
M O |
R |
DW |
M |
14-28 |
St |
L |
F |
| Rosemary |
4657 |
Rosmarinus officinalis |
TP Z7 |
3-5' |
S M O |
L |
TP |
M |
10-42 |
St Lt |
P |
F |
| Rue |
4659 |
Ruta graveolens |
P Z3-4 |
2-3' |
M O |
L |
DS TP |
M |
10-21 |
|
R |
FP |
| Sage |
4664 |
Salvia officinalis |
P Z4 |
2-3' |
S B M |
L |
TP DS |
W |
10-21 |
Lt |
P |
F |
| Sage, White |
4666 |
Salvia apiana |
P Z6 |
2-3' |
M C |
L |
TP |
W |
14-28 |
W |
L |
F |
| Sagebrush, Silver |
4668 |
Artemisia ludoviciana |
P Z4 |
1-3' |
M C |
L |
DW |
M |
|
|
|
|
| St Johnswort |
4686 |
Hypericum perforatum |
SP Z3 |
1-3' |
M |
F L |
DS DF |
M |
14-28 |
St Lt |
N |
F |
| Salad Burnet |
4669 |
Sanguisorba minor |
P Z4 |
1' |
E M |
L |
TP |
C |
|
|
|
F |
| Savory, Summer |
4672 |
Satureja hortensis |
A |
12-18" |
S M |
L |
DS |
W |
7-14 |
Lt |
R |
F |
| Savory, Winter |
4674 |
Satureja montana |
P Z3 |
6-12" |
S M |
L |
TP |
M |
10-21 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| Shiso |
4680 |
Perilla frutescens |
TA |
2-3' |
S M O |
L |
TP |
W |
7-14 |
Sk St Lt |
L |
FP |
| Skullcap, Baikal |
4681 |
Scuttelaria baicalensis |
P Z4 |
1-2' |
M O |
R |
TP |
M |
14-21 |
St |
P |
F |
| Skullcap, Virginia |
4682 |
Scuttelaria lateriflora |
P Z4 |
1-2' |
M O |
L F |
TP |
M |
14-21 |
St |
P |
P |
| Spilanthes |
4683 |
Spilanthes oleracea |
TA |
8-12" |
M O E |
F L |
TP |
W |
4-10 |
|
P |
F |
| Stevia |
4684 |
Stevia rebaudiana |
TP/A |
24" |
S |
L |
TP DW |
W |
7-21 |
Lt |
L |
FP |
| Sweet Woodruff |
4698 |
Galium odoratum |
P Z5 |
6-8" |
O M S |
L |
DS DF |
C |
28-200 |
|
P |
Sh |
| Thyme |
4687 |
Thymus vulgaris |
P Z4 |
6-12" |
S M |
L |
TP |
C |
14-28 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| Valerian |
4690 |
Valeriana officinalis |
P Z4 |
3-5' |
M O |
R |
DS |
M |
10-21 |
St |
L |
FP |
| Vervain |
4692 |
Verbena hastata |
P Z4 |
5-6' |
M O |
R |
TP |
M |
21-28 |
St Lt |
N |
F |
| Yarrow |
4699 |
Achillea millefolium |
P Z2 |
1-2' |
M O |
F L |
DS DF |
W |
10-14 |
Lt |
N |
F |
| |
ff=and following |
| ABP: A=annual,
B=biennial, P=perennial, TA= tender annual, SSA=self-sowing
annual, SSB=self-sowing biennial, TP=tender perennial, TP/A=tender
perennial grown as annual, SP=short-lived perennial, Z=hardiness
zone. |
| height: typical
height at maturity. |
| uses: S=seasoning,
B=beverage, M=medicine, O=ornamental, E=edible, C=ceremony. |
| part: part
that is used: S=seed, L=leaf, F=flower, R=root. |
| sow: DS=direct
sow in spring ASAP, DW=direct sow when soil has warmed or after
danger of frost has passed, TP=transplant, DF=direct sow in
fall. Nearly any herb can be started indoors and transplanted,
but this tends to be more work; TP means this method is strongly
suggested for best results. Many perennials can be started in
early summer indoors or out; they take several years to mature
anyway, what’s a few months? |
| temp: suggested
soil temperatures for good germination: C=cool, 60-65°,
M=moderate, 65-70°, W=warm, 70-85°. |
| days: number
of days to seedling emergence. |
| cover: L=cover
lightly, P=pat down gently, R=rake or scuffle into soil, N=no,
don’t cover. |
| notes: Lt=needs
light to germinate, Sc=scarify seed with sandpaper or emery
board, Sk=soak seed 12-24 hrs, |
| PP=start
in peat pots and take care not to disturb root in transplanting,
W=water sparingly, St=stratify seed; place in moist soil and
freeze or refrigerate or alternate between the fridge and freezer.
Nearly any herb requiring stratification can be fall-sown in
a cold frame—the winter does the work for you! |
sun: F=full
sun, P=part sun, FP=prefers full but tolerates part, PF=prefers
part but tolerates full, Sh=shade,
P(F)=prefers part, tolerates full only in cool or moist areas,
F(P)=prefers full sun, needs part shade in hot climates. |
|
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